Prepositions are auxiliary words placed before nouns, hence their name. Majority of Indo-European languages uses prepositions together with nouns to describe directions, locations and time intervals. However, in Nûrlâm such words are usually placed after nouns, and are called postpositions which will be discussed in the following lesson. Nûrlâm has both pre- and post-positions, and such words are collectively called adpositions.

While postpositions in Nûrlâm are always used to describe locations or directions, prepositions mostly describe time or actions towards persons or objects. And words describing locations are placed before nouns only if they consist of two syllables.

• bug (against [someone or something])
• gus (about [someone or something])
• ik (before [time], by [some time])
• la (after [time])
• lata (under, beneath, below)
• shi (at [exact time], in [time of day])
• tala (above, over [vertically], on top of)

• ândh (evening, dusk)
• ânsh (morning, dawn)
• ârsh (day)
  • ârshik (yesterday)¹⁾
• fugh (night)
• kârsh (sea)
• kaup (hill)

• about some shit = gus mûd push
• above the sea = tala kârshum
• against wraiths = bug gûl
• after 7 years = la udug lau
• at night = shi fugh
• before the dusk = ik ândhum
• below the dirt = lata dugum
• beneath the water = lata nînum
• by the dawn = ik ânshum
• on top of the tower = tala lugum
• over the hills = tala za kaup²⁾
• under the mountain = lata rodum

The whole phrases made of prepositions with nouns act together similar to adverbs and adjectives, and are always placed after the words they describe. Some prepositions may be used without nouns as adverbs.

• Come after ⇒ Skât la.
• Orcs walk at night ⇒ Uruk ukhû shi fugh.

Translate from English into Nûrlâm:

1. Eight orcs came late in the evening;

Translate from Nûrlâm into English:

1. Burz skâtâ shi fugh;
2. Mak mau ghuruzû ârshik;

• All lessons
• Lesson: "Postpositions"
• Lesson: "Descriptive words: adverbs"
• Adpositions