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Suffix chain of verbs

Position Meaning
Archaic Standard Modern/colloquial speech
-4 person (subject/agent pronoun)
(da-, fi-, ta-)
-3 negation (nar-)
-2 mood (mar-, ulg-)
-1 derivational prefix
0 root
1 tense
(-ub, -uz)
suffixes of nonfinite forms
(infinitive or participles: -at, -ut, -ag, -uga, etc.)
2 3rd person clitic1)
(-â, -û)
number of participle
(-û, -z)
2a auxiliary suffix -t-
used only between positions 2 and 3, 2 and 4;
absent if position 2 is final
3 object pronoun2) object pronoun3)
4 aspect
(clitic adverb: -ûk, -ok, -âzh)
1)
only when subject is not a personal pronoun, e.g. noun, relative or indefinite pronoun
2)
only in accusative/objective or absolutive case
3)
only with 3rd person accusative
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