This is an old revision of the document!
| Case | Abbreviation | Ending I | Ending II | English translation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Grammatical | ||||
| Nominative | NOM | -∅ | ||
| Genitive | GEN | -ob | -b | of, 's |
| Dative | DAT | -ûr | -zûr | for, to (somebody) |
| Accusative | ACC | -∅ | ||
| -ish | -sh | |||
| Marginal | ||||
| Instrumental | INS | -irzi | -rzi | by, by means of, by use of, with use of, using, through (use of), via |
| Ergative | ERG | -irz | -rz | by |
| Comitative | COM | -sha | (together) with | |
| Essive | ESS | -si | similar to, as a …, like a …, -like | |
| Locative | ||||
| Ablative | ABL | -bo | from, off | |
| Adessive | ADE | -ir | -zir | on, on top of, at |
| -r | ||||
| Allative | ALL | -u | -zu | to, towards, upon, onto |
| Elative | ELA | -ah | -zah | from, out of |
| Illative | ILL | -ishi | -shi | into, inwards, inside, in, within |
| Inessive | INE | -or | -zor | at, in |
| -r | ||||
| Intrative | ITRT | -ri | between, amidst, among | |