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translations:babel_tower [2022/11/13 13:14] – [Translation in Nûrlâm] punctuation morgothtranslations:babel_tower [2026/06/26 20:20] (current) – morgoth
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 > 9. Therefore its name is called Babel, because there the LORD confused the language of all the earth; and from there the LORD scattered them abroad over the face of all the earth. > 9. Therefore its name is called Babel, because there the LORD confused the language of all the earth; and from there the LORD scattered them abroad over the face of all the earth.
  
-The first attempt to translate the story of Babel's Tower was made by Diego T. Guimarães (aka Ya'qūb 'Abd Al-Jabbār) for [[https://www.omniglot.com/babel/neoblackspeech.htm|Omniglot site]] in Shadowlandian dialect (using early Nûrlâm prototype, Un4given's Orc analysis at [[http://blackspeech.ru/board/viewtopic.php?id=160|Black Speech School forum]]).+The first attempt to translate the story of Babel's Tower was made by Diego T. Guimarães (aka Ya'qūb 'Abd Al-Jabbār) for [[https://www.omniglot.com/babel/neoblackspeech.htm|Omniglot site]] in Shadowlandian dialect (using early Nûrlâm prototype).
  
 ===== Translation in Nûrlâm ===== ===== Translation in Nûrlâm =====
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   * all modifiers are placed **after** the words they describe, including prepositions becoming postpositions, but except number "ash" = "one" and conjunctions   * all modifiers are placed **after** the words they describe, including prepositions becoming postpositions, but except number "ash" = "one" and conjunctions
   * Explicit [[:case_accusative|accusative case]] ending //-ish// except when followed by postpositions   * Explicit [[:case_accusative|accusative case]] ending //-ish// except when followed by postpositions
-  * The [[:verb_to_be|verb "to be"]] is always present, including the present tense+  * The [[:verb_to_be|verb "to be"]] is never omitted, including in present tense
   * Verb--Subject--Object (VSO) word order (except state: "to be" + adjective/participle)   * Verb--Subject--Object (VSO) word order (except state: "to be" + adjective/participle)
   * singular form of pronouns is used for plural pronouns too   * singular form of pronouns is used for plural pronouns too
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 | 2 | Agh ghugshuzâ kusn mûlurmtabish ghânshah zamash tagimbuz ash uzgokish uzgumor Shinârob agh tafulguz zîgin | And happen-PST-3SG.SBJ during road-ABSTR=3.GEN-ACC East=ELA that 3=find-PST one flatland-ACC land-DEF=INE Shinar-GEN and 3=dwell-PST that.place | | 2 | Agh ghugshuzâ kusn mûlurmtabish ghânshah zamash tagimbuz ash uzgokish uzgumor Shinârob agh tafulguz zîgin | And happen-PST-3SG.SBJ during road-ABSTR=3.GEN-ACC East=ELA that 3=find-PST one flatland-ACC land-DEF=INE Shinar-GEN and 3=dwell-PST that.place |
 | ::: | ::: | And it happened during their journey from East that they found a plain in the land of Shinar and they dwelled there. | | ::: | ::: | And it happened during their journey from East that they found a plain in the land of Shinar and they dwelled there. |
-| 3 | Zîgil tagashnuz ash iskûr, "Skât, gâkh kramput thlarish agh mazgutul girkharz". Tabrusuz thlarish gundûr agh tabrusuz thûfish raukûr. | That.time 3=say-PST one another-DAT, "Come, let's make-INF brick-ACC and bake-INF=3.OBJ care-ADV." 3=have brick-ACC stone-DAT agh 3=have tar-ACC mortar-DAT |+| 3 | Zîgil tagashnuz ash iskûr, "Skât, gâkh krampat thlarish agh mazgatul girkharz". Tabrusuz thlarish gundûr agh tabrusuz thûfish raukûr. | That.time 3=say-PST one another-DAT, "Come, let's make-GERV brick-ACC and bake-GERV=3.OBJ care-ADV." 3=have brick-ACC stone-DAT agh 3=have tar-ACC mortar-DAT |
 | ::: | ::: | Then they said one to another, "Come, let's make bricks and bake them carefully." They had brick for stone, and they had tar for mortar. | | ::: | ::: | Then they said one to another, "Come, let's make bricks and bake them carefully." They had brick for stone, and they had tar for mortar. |
-| 4 | Agh tagashnuz, "Skât, gâkh tumbut îmirzi ash goish, agh ash lugish amashob kulâ dîlg nûtumor; gâkh kramput ash îzish îmûr, narkulat bûsnaga planarz thakumti uzgumobûk dazûr" | And 3=say-PST, "Come, let's build-INF self-INS one city-ACC, and one tower-ACC which-GEN be-3SG roof sky-DEF-INE; let's make-INF one name-ACC self-DAT, NEG-be-GERV scatter-PTCP.PST.PASS broad-ADV face-DEF=over land-DEF-GEN=all 1-DAT" |+| 4 | Agh tagashnuz, "Skât, gâkh tumbat îmirzi ash goish, agh ash lugish amashob kulâ dîlg nûtumor; gâkh krampat ash îzish îmûr, narkulat bûsnaga planarz thakumti uzgumobûk dazûr" | And 3=say-PST, "Come, let's build-GERV self-INS one city-ACC, and one tower-ACC which-GEN be-3SG roof sky-DEF-INE; let's make-GERV one name-ACC self-DAT, NEG-be-GERV scatter-PTCP.PST.PASS broad-ADV face-DEF=over land-DEF-GEN=all 1-DAT" |
 | ::: | ::: | And they said, "Come, let us build (by) ourselves a city, and a tower whose roof is in the sky; let's make a name for ourselves, for us to be not scattered abroad over the face of the all the lands."  | | ::: | ::: | And they said, "Come, let us build (by) ourselves a city, and a tower whose roof is in the sky; let's make a name for ourselves, for us to be not scattered abroad over the face of the all the lands."  |
 | 5 | Ap dhutuzâ Yahuah honat goish agh lugumish amash tumbuzû nond tarkob.(("nond tarkob" may be replaced with "tarknond")) | But descend-PST-3SG Yehovah see-GERV city-ACC and tower-DEF-ACC which build-PST-3PL sons human-GEN | | 5 | Ap dhutuzâ Yahuah honat goish agh lugumish amash tumbuzû nond tarkob.(("nond tarkob" may be replaced with "tarknond")) | But descend-PST-3SG Yehovah see-GERV city-ACC and tower-DEF-ACC which build-PST-3PL sons human-GEN |
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 | 6 | Agh gashnuzâ Yahuah, "Kogarz kulû tark-hai ash agh brusû ta ûk ash lâmish, agh kulâ za amash takrampuzîs; zilah narash kubâ falgûrz (tazûr) amashob takramputh. | And say-PST-3SG Jehovah, "Truly, be.PRES-3PL human(s) one and have-3PL they all one language-ACC, and be.PRES-3SG this what 3=do-PST-begin; now-ELA nothing be.FUT-3SG possible (they-DAT) what-GEN 3=do-be.going.to" | | 6 | Agh gashnuzâ Yahuah, "Kogarz kulû tark-hai ash agh brusû ta ûk ash lâmish, agh kulâ za amash takrampuzîs; zilah narash kubâ falgûrz (tazûr) amashob takramputh. | And say-PST-3SG Jehovah, "Truly, be.PRES-3PL human(s) one and have-3PL they all one language-ACC, and be.PRES-3SG this what 3=do-PST-begin; now-ELA nothing be.FUT-3SG possible (they-DAT) what-GEN 3=do-be.going.to" |
 | ::: | ::: | And Jehovah said, "Truly humans are one and they all have one language, and this is what they began to do; hence(forth) nothing will be possible (for them) of what they are going to do." | | ::: | ::: | And Jehovah said, "Truly humans are one and they all have one language, and this is what they began to do; hence(forth) nothing will be possible (for them) of what they are going to do." |
-| 7 | Skât, gâkh dhutut agh zîgin girzut lâmtabish, zârz tanarpâshub zâbrut gashnurmish ashob iskob". | Come, let's descend-INF and there mess-INF language=3.GEN-ACC, so.that 3=NEG-able-FUT understand-INF speak-NMLZ-ACC one-GEN another-GEN |+| 7 | Skât, gâkh dhutat agh zîgin girzat lâmtabish, zârz tanarpâshub zâbrut gashnurmish ashob iskob". | Come, let's descend-GERV and there mess-GERV language=3.GEN-ACC, so.that 3=NEG-able-FUT understand-INF speak-NMLZ-ACC one-GEN another-GEN |
 | ::: | ::: | Come, let's descend and there confuse their language, so that they will not be able to understand speech of one another's." | | ::: | ::: | Come, let's descend and there confuse their language, so that they will not be able to understand speech of one another's." |
 | 8 | Zârz bûsnuzâtul Yahuah planarz zîginah thakumti uzgumobûk, agh tapuzguz tumbut goish | So scatter-PST-3SG-them Jehovah broad-ADV there-ELA face-DEF=over land-DEF-GEN=all, and 3=stop-PST build-INF city-ACC | | 8 | Zârz bûsnuzâtul Yahuah planarz zîginah thakumti uzgumobûk, agh tapuzguz tumbut goish | So scatter-PST-3SG-them Jehovah broad-ADV there-ELA face-DEF=over land-DEF-GEN=all, and 3=stop-PST build-INF city-ACC |
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