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--- syntax_subject [2022/02/12 00:19] – morgoth
+++ syntax_subject [2023/02/11 13:22] (current) – case ending for both parts of reciprocal pronoun morgoth
@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 ====== Subject of sentence ======
-<WRAP center round important 60%><todo>More info about Agent, Patient and <del>ergativity</del> should be added</todo></WRAP>
 **//Subject//** is one of two main parts of sentence together with [[syntax_predicate|predicate]]. It usually express the person or thing which makes or is modified by the action (predicate). However subject may be omitted, typically in [[syntax_impersonal|impersonal]] and [[mood_imperative|imperative]] clauses. Subject may be presented by following forms:
-  * [[grammar_noun|Noun]] or [[pronouns|pronoun]] (optionally with [[syntax_determiner|determiner]]);
+  * [[grammar_noun|Noun]] or [[pronouns|pronoun]] (optionally with [[syntax_determiner|determiner]]): "Winged dragon destroyed the city" => "<wrap wavy_underline>Skoirûrz</wrap> __lûg__ duluzâ goium";
-  * [[grammar_infinitive|Infinitive]] (optionally with dependent words);
+  * [[grammar_infinitive|Infinitive]] (optionally with dependent words, counted as 3rd person singular): "To live peacefully is human's dream" => "__Kîb**ut** borzarz__ kulâ taur tarkhaib";
-  * Dependent sentence or clause;
+  * Dependent sentence or clause: "__Who awakes early__ gets all the loot" => "__Amai rilorâ ânth__ (zîg) snabâ raunûk"; counted as subject in a whole compound sentence, but individual words may serve different syntactical roles within the clause, e.g. in this example "who" is the subject of clause, "awake" is predicate and "early" is adverbial;
-  * may be absent but implied (e.g. in imperative clauses like "Do your job!")
+  * may be absent but implied (e.g. in imperative clauses like "(You,) Do your job!" = "Kramp bulfib!").
-<WRAP center round important 60%><todo>Examples needed</todo></WRAP>
+It may be hard to distinguish subject from other parts of sentence when subject is an [[clitics|enclitic]] pronoun becoming a prefix of person ("__Ta__throkh" = "__He__ eats").
-It may be hard to distinguish subject from other parts of sentence when subject is an [[clitics|enclitic]] pronoun becoming a prefix of person ("__Ta__throkh" = "__He__ eats")
+If the subject is expressed by two nouns or pronouns joined by conjunction "and" = "agh", then verb takes plural form. Example: "Shagrat __and__ Gorbag __were__ talking in the tower" => "Shagrat __agh__ Gorbag shugbuz__û__ lugumor", "You __and__ I __are__ made for each other" => "Fi __agh__ da krampâkuz__û__ ûghûr iskûr". Similarly, predicate becomes plural when subject is expressed by two nouns or pronouns, if one is in nominative case and the other is in [[case_comitative|comitative case]]: "Shagrat with Gorbag captured Frodo" => "Shagrat Gorbagsha dikuzû Frodo".
+<WRAP center round todo 60%>
+<todo>Add more info about passive</todo>
+</WRAP>

Nûrlâm –Black Speech dialect wiki

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Nûrlâm –
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