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--- syntax_questions [2021/06/04 16:51] – morgoth
+++ syntax_questions [2026/10/08 21:09] (current) – removed - external edit (Unknown date) 127.0.0.1
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-====== Questions ======
-<WRAP center round todo 60%>
-This article is not finished
-\\ <todo>complete the article</todo>
-\\ <todo>add examples</todo>
-</WRAP>
-===== General questions =====
-//General// or //polar// questions require answering with "yes" ("akh") or "no" ("nar"). To convert declarative sentence into general question [[mood_interrogative|interrogative mood]] is used. It is formed by adding prefix //mar-// to the [[grammar_verb|verb]] after person and negation prefix but before derivational prefix and root. In contrast to English in Nûrlâm word order is not changed and auxiliary verbs like "do/does/did" are not used in general questions as they have a grammatical marker //mar-//. Example:
-^         ^ Declarative        ^ General question        ^ General question with negation ^
-^ English | He killed a dragon | Did he killed a dragon? | Didn't he killed a dragon?     |
-^ Nûrlâm  | Tadoguz ash lûg    | Ta__mar__doguz ash lûg  | Ta__nar//mar//__doguz ash lûg  |
-General questions may be answered by repeating the statement from question in declarative form (without //mar-//), especially when question contains double negative. Shortened answers like "He did / He didn't" do not have equivalent in Nûrlâm, but object may be omitted in repeated statement ("Did he killed a dragon? -- He didn't" = "Tamardoguz ash lûg -- Tadoguz").
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-===== Alternative questions =====
-//Alternative// or //choice// questions are similar to general questions but answer requires selecting option(s) presented in question (either repeating a question in declarative form with only one option or simply with one word). [[conjunctions|Conjunction]] "or" (= "ogh") is used to present a second choice. Answer may be also like "all of them" ("ulûk" or simply "ûk") or "none of them" ("narash" or just "nar") or "both" (= "za agh zîg", lit. "this and that"; = "zîg agh isk", lit. "that and another"). The second option in question may be a negation of the first one ("or no" = "ogh nar"), but this makes it closer to general questions.
-^         ^ Declarative        ^ Alternative question              ^ Alternative question with negation ^
-^ English | He killed a dragon | Did he killed a dragon or Balrog? | Did he killed a dragon or not?  |
-^ Nûrlâm  | Tadoguz ash lûg    | Ta__mar__doguz ash lûg ogh balrog | Ta__mar__doguz ash lûg ogh nar  |
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-===== Disjunctive questions =====
-//Disjunctive// or //tag// questions are formed with declarative sentence, but turned into interrogative by question particle (tag) "//mar?//" which may be translated into English as "right?", "isn't it?" etc.
-^         ^ Declarative        ^ Disjunctive question           ^
-^ English | He killed a dragon | He killed a dragon, didn't he? |
-^ Nûrlâm  | Tadoguz ash lûg    | Tadoguz ash lûg mar            |
------------------------------
-===== Special questions =====
-//Special// or //non-polar// questions are formed with question words (interrogative [[proform|pro-forms]]: pronouns and pro-adverbs) and require a full sentence to answer. Interrogative mood is not used because question words already contain question prefix //m(a)-//.
-==== List of question words ====
-^ English ^ Nûrlâm ^ Example ^
-| how     | marz   | |
-| what    | mash   | |
-| when    | mil | |
-| whence(("where ... from", source)) | minah, minbo | |
-| where   | min | |
-| whether((usually in alternative and indirect questions)) | makon (any), mashkon (whatever, whichever) | |
-| which   | mai (who), mash (what) | |
-| whither(("where ... to", target, goal)) | minishi, minu | |
-| who     | mai, mash (what) | |
-| whom    | mai, mash (in any grammatical or marginal case except Nominative and Genitive) | |
-| whose   | maib, mashob | |
-| why     | mûr | |
-------------------------------
-===== Indirect questions =====
-//Indirect questions// are subordinate clauses of declarative sentences. They are formed similar to special questions, but question words are replaced with their //relative// counterparts. Interrogative mood is not used. For example "I don't know __where did he go__" = "Danarîst __amin ta ukhuz__"((Nûrlâm do not use auxiliary verbs like "do/does/did", so "did go" translates into "go.PST" = "ukhuz"))

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