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Black Speech
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suffix_derivational [2024/09/28 20:38] – morgothsuffix_derivational [2026/07/12 12:40] (current) – just added spaces to repair broken indexing morgoth
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 | -arz- | ::: | pro-adverb of reason from pronoun | mûd**arz** (somehow) < mûd (some) | | -arz- | ::: | pro-adverb of reason from pronoun | mûd**arz** (somehow) < mûd (some) |
 | -ath  | SV | ? | | | -ath  | SV | ? | |
-| -auk  | SV | alternate noun; usually some person or living being; sometimes may carry a tone of passivity or disdain | gab**auk** (vagabond, tramper, hobo) < gab (to wander, travel) |+| -auk  | SV | alternate noun; usually some person or living being; sometimes may carry a tone of passivity or disdain; so-called pejorative | gab**auk** (vagabond, tramper, hobo) < gab (to wander, travel) |
 | -aut  | NL < MERP "dahaut" (defecation), "plakaut" (pillage) | alternate noun (verbal); usually a process or motion; similar to English //gerund//, but complies with grammar of nouns in Nûrlâm | prauk**aut** (the pillaging) < prauk- (to pillage) | | -aut  | NL < MERP "dahaut" (defecation), "plakaut" (pillage) | alternate noun (verbal); usually a process or motion; similar to English //gerund//, but complies with grammar of nouns in Nûrlâm | prauk**aut** (the pillaging) < prauk- (to pillage) |
 | -âzh- | NL | normally a suffix of grammatical aspect, but may be treated as diminutive adverb modifying verbs and adjectives | bûrz**âzh** (darkish, slightly dark) < bûrz (dark) | | -âzh- | NL | normally a suffix of grammatical aspect, but may be treated as diminutive adverb modifying verbs and adjectives | bûrz**âzh** (darkish, slightly dark) < bûrz (dark) |
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 | -um   | TK, CBS, LOTR ("burzum") | particularizing suffix or article((see PE 17)), similar to definite article | burz**um** (the darkness) < burz (darkness) | | -um   | TK, CBS, LOTR ("burzum") | particularizing suffix or article((see PE 17)), similar to definite article | burz**um** (the darkness) < burz (darkness) |
 | ::: | ::: | ::: | ulb**um** (the blue)((color, paint)) < ulb (blue) | | ::: | ::: | ::: | ulb**um** (the blue)((color, paint)) < ulb (blue) |
-| -urm  | NL < MERP "zurm" (noise) | abstract noun, usually from adjective\\ similar to English suffixes "-ness", "-ity" | orz**urm** (poverty) < orz (poor) |+| -urm  | NL < MERP "zurm" (noise) | abstract noun, usually from adjective\\ similar to English suffixes "-ness", "-ity", "-hood" | orz**urm** (poverty) < orz (poor) |
 | -ûrz  | EL < TK "Lugbûrz" (Dark Tower);\\ obviously Elerrina's extrapolation is wrong, as //ûrz// is part of the stem "bûrz", but it became common for all Neo-Black Speech dialects | general suffix of forming adjectives from other parts of speech, usually from nouns (verbal adjectives should be replaced with [[grammar_participle|participles]] and [[grammar_gerundive|gerundives]]) | slig**ûrz** (free) < slig- (to free) | | -ûrz  | EL < TK "Lugbûrz" (Dark Tower);\\ obviously Elerrina's extrapolation is wrong, as //ûrz// is part of the stem "bûrz", but it became common for all Neo-Black Speech dialects | general suffix of forming adjectives from other parts of speech, usually from nouns (verbal adjectives should be replaced with [[grammar_participle|participles]] and [[grammar_gerundive|gerundives]]) | slig**ûrz** (free) < slig- (to free) |
  
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 ^ Suffix ^  Root  ^^^ ^ Suffix ^  Root  ^^^
-^ :::    ^  hon-\\ (to look at, see, watch)  ^  kin-\\ (to behold, see)  ^  thak-\\ (to look like, appear, seem)  ^ +^ :::    ^  hon-\\ (to look at, see, watch)         ^  kin-\\ (to behold, see)  ^  thak-\\ (to look like, appear, seem)  ^ 
-^ -∅     |  hon\\ (a look, gaze, glance)  |  kin\\ (a view, sight)  |  thak\\ (a look, appearance)  | +^ -∅     |  hon\\ (a look, gaze, glance)            |  kin\\ (a view, sight)    |  thak\\ (a look, appearance)  | 
-^ -al    |  honal\\ (watcher, observer, spectator)  |  kinal\\ (seer)  |    | +^ -al    |  honal\\ (watcher, observer, spectator)  |  kinal\\ (seer)           |    | 
-^ -auk   |  honauk\\ (gazer, lookout, voyeur)  |  kinauk\\ (beholder, spectator, witness)  |  thakauk\\ (illusion, phantom, vision, apparition)  | +^ -auk   |  honauk\\ (gazer, lookout, voyeur)       |  kinauk\\ (beholder, spectator, witness)  |  thakauk\\ (illusion, phantom, vision, apparition)  | 
-^ -aut   |  honaut\\ (observation)  |   |  thakaut\\ (manifestation, appearance)  | +^ -aut   |  honaut\\ (observation)                  |   |  thakaut\\ (manifestation, appearance)  | 
-^ -urm   |  honurm\\ (scope, outlook)  |  kinurm\\ (vision, eyesight, sense of sight)  |  thakurm\\ (visibility)  | +^ -urm   |  honurm\\ (scope, outlook)               |  kinurm\\ (vision, eyesight, sense of sight)  |  thakurm\\ (visibility)  | 
-^ -ûrz   |  honûrz\\ (looking)  | |  thakûrz\\ (visible)  |+^ -ûrz   |  honûrz\\ (looking)                      | |  thakûrz\\ (visible)  |
suffix_derivational.1727545088.txt.gz · Last modified: by morgoth
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