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--- mood_imperative [2021/01/11 16:02] – morgoth
+++ mood_imperative [2023/05/17 22:34] (current) – morgoth
@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 ====== Imperative mood ======
-<WRAP center round todo 60%>
+The sentence is **//Imperative//** if it requires or forbids some action from the listener.
-<todo>many examples needed</todo>
-</WRAP>
-**//Imperative mood//** ([[abbreviations|abbreviated]] as IMP) is the [[grammar_mood|grammatical mood]] that is used to indicate commands, requests and strict prohibitions. Imperative is the default, dictionary form of [[grammar_verb|verbs]] in Black Speech. None of the [[suffix_inflectional|inflectional suffixes]] and [[clitics|clitic]] subject [[pronouns]] can be added to it to express imperative mood, however objective pronouns can join verb.
+**//Imperative mood//** ([[abbreviations|abbreviated]] as IMP) is the [[grammar_mood|grammatical mood]] that is used to indicate commands, requests and strict prohibitions. Imperative is the default, dictionary form of [[grammar_verb|verbs]] in Black Speech. None of the [[suffix_inflectional|inflectional suffixes]] and none [[clitics|clitic]] subjective [[pronouns]] (prefixed) can be added to it to express imperative mood, however objective pronouns can join verb.
+  * "Run!" => "Khîg!";
-  example needed
+  * "Kill him" => "Dogan!";
+  * "Do not touch it!" => "Nargrauran";
-In the narrow sense Imperative mood applies only to direct orders to 2nd person (implying "you"), but it's grammatical form is also used in other modalities expressing orders:
-  * Various //Hortative// modalities, similar to imperative, but with less obligatory sense:
+In the narrow sense Imperative mood applies only to direct orders to 2nd person (implying "you"), but it's grammatical form is also used in other [[grammar_mood|modalities]] expressing orders. If subject pronoun (usually "you") is required then it should be put in [[case_dative|Dative case]], thus the sentence becomes [[syntax_impersonal|impersonal]].
-  * //Jussive mood// - order to 2nd person to allow/permit/forbid 3rd person to do something
+  * Various //Hortative// modalities, similar to imperative, but with less obligatory sense: "You should go with us" => "Maug ukhut fizûr daksha" vs. Imperative "Go with us!" => "Ukh daksha!";
-  * //Precative// modality - similar to Jussive, but speaker asks 2nd person to allow to do something for himself, usually to express polite requests.
+  * //Jussive mood// -- order to 2nd person to allow/permit/forbid 3rd person to do something: "Let them fall" => "Dabhul lûmput"
-  * //Optative mood// - wishes, blessings and curses with very special form:
+  * //Precative// modality -- similar to Jussive, but speaker asks 2nd person to allow to do something for himself, usually to express polite requests: "Let me finish this" => "Dabhiz gorzut za"
-  * Condition of //Presumptive// modality
+  * //Optative mood// -- wishes, blessings and curses with very special form (the verb "gâkh" in imperative with main verb also in imperative): "May the force be with you!" => "Gâkh balum kul fisha!", "Long live the king!" => "Gâkh arn kîb rodharz"
+  * Condition of //Presumptive// modality: "be it so" => "kulanzash", "suppose (that) ..." => "ton (zamash)"

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