lessons:verbs_1
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| lessons:verbs_1 [2023/09/21 16:05] – [Adding objects] morgoth | lessons:verbs_1 [2024/12/10 21:32] (current) – morgoth | ||
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| - | ====== Verbs: present tense, 3rd person endings. Simple sentences ====== | + | ====== |
| It's time to start forming a simple sentences! But it's not possible without proper use of verbs. Verbs are the most complex topic in Nûrlâm, but in simple sentences they are quite simple too. | It's time to start forming a simple sentences! But it's not possible without proper use of verbs. Verbs are the most complex topic in Nûrlâm, but in simple sentences they are quite simple too. | ||
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| Present tense in Nûrlâm is used to express: | Present tense in Nûrlâm is used to express: | ||
| - | * actions going at the moment of speaking; | + | * actions going at the moment of speaking |
| * regular actions that didn't stop to happen; | * regular actions that didn't stop to happen; | ||
| * general truths (like "orcs eat") | * general truths (like "orcs eat") | ||
| ===== Making simple sentences ===== | ===== Making simple sentences ===== | ||
| - | So, let's make our first basic statements using the rules we just learned. Let's start with words " | + | So, let's make our first basic statements using the rules we just learned. Let's start with words " |
| ^ English | ^ English | ||
| | orc eat__s__ | uruk throkh__â__ | actually, no clarification of quantity is needed for subject | | | orc eat__s__ | uruk throkh__â__ | actually, no clarification of quantity is needed for subject | | ||
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| * skoir (to fly) | * skoir (to fly) | ||
| * ugl (to frighten, scare) | * ugl (to frighten, scare) | ||
| + | |||
| + | ---------------------- | ||
| + | ===== Exercise 1 ===== | ||
| + | Translate into Nûrlâm: | ||
| + | - an orc is coming | ||
| + | - demon flies | ||
| + | - dwarves stink | ||
| + | - elves eat bread | ||
| + | - orcs drink blood | ||
| + | - nine wraiths are scaring these humans | ||
| + | - scary trolls hear the filthy dwarves | ||
| + | - the dragon rules this mountain | ||
| + | - the slaves escape | ||
| + | - the warrior kills a troll | ||
| + | <hidden show answers> | ||
| + | - ash uruk skâtâ | ||
| + | - rog skoirâ | ||
| + | - gazat pushdû | ||
| + | - golug throkhû mazg | ||
| + | - uruk shogû ghor | ||
| + | - krith gûl uglû za tark | ||
| + | - ologuf khlârû za dug gazat / uf olog khlârû za dug gazat | ||
| + | - lûgum durbâ za rod / za lûg durbâ za rod | ||
| + | - za snaga irzû | ||
| + | - mauhum dogâ ash olog / maum dogâ ash olog / za mauh dogâ ash olog / za mau dogâ ash olog | ||
| + | </ | ||
| + | |||
| + | ---------------------- | ||
| + | ===== Exercise 2 ===== | ||
| + | Translate into English: | ||
| + | - dog durbâ | ||
| + | - golug shogâ mûd saub | ||
| + | - ink hûr uruk maukû krâk gazat | ||
| + | - mauh krimpâ za snaga | ||
| + | - noi nakhû | ||
| + | - rod binâ | ||
| + | - skri shra throgû za nazg | ||
| + | - tark grishû ûzûl taum | ||
| + | - tarkum throkhâ âps | ||
| + | - za shra gashnâ | ||
| + | <hidden show answers> | ||
| + | - slayer rules | ||
| + | - elf drinks some juice / elf is drinking some juice | ||
| + | - six brave orcs fight five dwarves / six brave orcs are fighting five dwarves | ||
| + | - warrior ties the slaves / warrior is tying the slaves | ||
| + | - bees bite / bees are biting | ||
| + | - mountain stands / mountain is standing | ||
| + | - eight persons are giving the rings | ||
| + | - humans cut the green forest / humans are cutting the green forest | ||
| + | - the human eats meat / the human is eating meat | ||
| + | - this person speaks / this person says / this person is speaking / this person is saying | ||
| + | </ | ||
| -------------------- | -------------------- | ||
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| * [[lessons: | * [[lessons: | ||
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| * [[lessons: | * [[lessons: | ||
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lessons/verbs_1.1695301542.txt.gz · Last modified: by morgoth
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