Case | Abbreviation | Ending I | Ending II | English translation |
---|---|---|---|---|
Grammatical | ||||
Nominative | NOM | -∅ | ||
Genitive | GEN | -ob | -b | of, 's |
Dative | DAT | -ûr | -zûr | for, to (somebody) |
Accusative | ACC | -∅ | ||
-ish | -sh | |||
Marginal | ||||
Instrumental | INS | -irzi | -rzi | by, by means of, by use of, with use of, using, through (use of), via |
Comitative | COM | -sha | (together) with | |
Essive | ESS | -si | similar to, as a …, like a …, -like | |
Locative | ||||
Ablative | ABL | -bo | from, off | |
Adessive | ADE | -ir | -zir | on, on top of, at |
-r | ||||
Allative | ALL | -u | -zu | to, towards, upon, onto |
Elative | ELA | -ah | -zah | from, out of |
Illative | ILL | -ishi | -shi | into, inwards, inside, in, within |
Inessive | INE | -or | -zor | at, in |
-r | ||||
Intrative | ITRT | -ri | between, amidst, among |