This page will contain list of words related to measuring of size, distance and weight. For measures of time see category Time. For strength and some moral values see category Quality. For relative direction of movement see category Directions. For exact and relative quantity see category Quantity
English | Nûrlâm | Part of speech | Etymology | Comments |
---|---|---|---|---|
(far) away | baubarz | adv | HG “baub” (cf.) | only as standalone adverb |
(to the) inside | ishi | postp | TK, CBS, LOTR, RI; Quenya locative case ending “-ssë” | Illative case suffix. Motion inside place or object |
a lot | mak | pro | SV | if used together with noun, then noun should be in genitive case |
above | tala | prep | EL; ? probably from Etym. “TÂ, TAGH-” (high, lofty) or “TALAM” (floor, base) or “DAL” (flat) | use with objects in accusative case |
afar | baubarz | adv | HG “baub” (cf.) | only as standalone adverb |
altitude | târurm | n | NL < LOS “târ” (high) < Quenya “tára” | uncountable |
amidst | ri | postp | LOS | intrative case suffix |
among | ri | postp | LOS | intrative case suffix |
amongst | ri | postp | LOS | intrative case suffix |
area | lurm | n | NL < merging enya “larma” (area, space, room) < Primitive Elvish roots “LAÐA”, “lařa” (broad) < Etym. “LAD” (wide) with Etym. “LAT” (open, free) and with abstract suffix “-urm” | space, room for people, storage; uncountable |
at | or | postp | LOS | Inessive case suffix, static presence; only about space in Standard Nûrlâm; in colloquial speech preposition “shi” is used |
at | r | postp | LOS “ir”, “or” | adessive or inessive case suffix after vowel in colloquial speech; denotes static presence at or inside object |
at | shi | prep | LOS | only about exact time in Standard Nûrlâm, may refer to place in colloquial speech |
at | zor | postp | LOS “or” | Inessive case suffix after vowel, static presence |
atop | tala | prep | EL; ? probably from Etym. “TÂ, TAGH-” (high, lofty) or “TALAM” (floor, base) or “DAL” (flat) | use with objects in accusative case |
average | nodûrz | adj | NL “nod” (centre) < Quenya “endë”, Sindarin “enedh”, “enaid”, Noldorin “ened” < Etym. “ÉNED”, “NÉD” | |
awayness | baub | n | HG (prep) | see also “gâb” |
barrel | kralt | n | NL < Primitive Elvish “keréldǝ”, Gnomish “ceral” | |
between | ri | postp | LOS | intrative case suffix |
beyond | ithu | prep | NL, merging LOS “it” + LOS “thu” + HG “izu” | use with objects in genitive case |
big | dau | adj | NL < Sindarin “daer” (great, large); compare with LOS “dur” (big, large) with same etymology | |
big | pol | adj | NL < Quenya “polda” (big), “poldor” (physical strength, might) < Etym. “POL” | usually about person; see also “Bolg” |
broad | plan | adj | NL < Quenya “palan” < Etym. “PAL” as in “Palantir” | |
circle | raug | n | HG (only “round”) < LOS “rag” < SV (to turn); compare with Etym. “RAG” (crooked) | |
close | mushûrz | adj | see “mush” | |
close | mûsh | adj | NL, see “mush”, revert to original SV word | |
closely | mush | adv | LOS (“nearly”) < MB, SV “mûsh” (close, next to, near, at) | used only as standalone adverb, see “mush” (n) for directions |
closeness | mush | n | LOS (“nearly”) < MB, SV “mûsh” (close, next to, near, at) | |
colossal | bha | adj | NL < MERP “fha”; changed according to Nûrlâm's phonetical rules; may be also explained by shortening of “bûb-hosh” (with meaning “great”) | may be used as augmentative particle |
cubit | holb | n | NL, merging Qenya “óleme” (elbow) < root “OLO” with Noldorin “golf”, “-holf” (branch, wand) < Primitive Elvish “golbâ” < Etym. “GÓLOB” | also unit of measure |
cycle | raug | n | HG (only “round”) < LOS “rag” < SV (to turn); compare with Etym. “RAG” (crooked) | |
deep | dhun | adj, adv | NL < HG “dhu” (downward), “nû” (deep); compare with Etym. “NDU” (go down, sink) from which PN “Númenór” came (sink > sunset > West > West-land); compare with Etym. “NŪ”, “UNU” (down, underneath); compare with Quenya PN “Utumno”, Sindarin “Udûn” (lit. “Dark Pit”, a fortress of Morgoth) < Etym. “TUB” (fall low, go down, sink, dive, deep valley) | |
deep | nûrm | n | NL < HG “nû” (deep) < Etym. “NŪ” (below, under) + abstract suffix “-urm” | uncountable |
deep | nûz | adj | NL < HG “nû” (deep) < “NŪ” (below, under); changed to avoid cognates | |
depth | nûrm | n | NL < HG “nû” (deep) < Etym. “NŪ” (below, under) + abstract suffix “-urm” | uncountable |
dimension | dulz | n | HG | |
distance | gâb | n | LOS, SV, HG < MB | |
distant | baubûrz | adj | HG “baub” (cf.) | |
elbow | holb | n | NL, merging Qenya “óleme” (elbow) < root “OLO” with Noldorin “golf”, “-holf” (branch, wand) < Primitive Elvish “golbâ” < Etym. “GÓLOB” | also unit of measure |
elbow-room | lurm | n | NL < merging enya “larma” (area, space, room) < Primitive Elvish roots “LAÐA”, “lařa” (broad) < Etym. “LAD” (wide) with Etym. “LAT” (open, free) and with abstract suffix “-urm” | space, room for people, storage; uncountable |
emptiness | shad | n | DS | also with suffix “-urm” or “-um”; uncountable |
empty | lushd | adj | NL, merging Etym. “LUS” with DS “shad”; compare with Sindarin “lost”, Quenya “lusta”, Ilkorin “lost”, Noldorin “lhost” | |
enormous | bha | adj | NL < MERP “fha”; changed according to Nûrlâm's phonetical rules; may be also explained by shortening of “bûb-hosh” (with meaning “great”) | may be used as augmentative particle |
enough | thlûk | adv | LOS < SV | |
extensive | yan | adj | NL < Quenya “yána”, Sindarin “iaun” (wide, vast, huge) | |
far | baubûrz | adj | HG “baub” (cf.) | |
far (away) | baubarz | adv | HG “baub” (cf.) | only as standalone adverb |
far (from) | baub | postp | HG | use with nouns in Ablative |
farness | baub | n | HG (prep) | see also “gâb” |
fast | hîs | adj | LOS | |
feet | thul | n | DS (Isengard) “tʰul” < Quenya “tál”, Sindarin “tâl” | also a unit of measure |
few | mik | adj, pro | SV | may be treated as diminutive suffix when merged with noun |
following | ab | adj | DS prefix “ab-” (after, behind, following) | only about time and order, not “next to” (see “mush” instead) |
foot | thul | n | DS (Isengard) “tʰul” < Quenya “tál”, Sindarin “tâl” | also a unit of measure |
formidable | bha | adj | NL < MERP “fha”; changed according to Nûrlâm's phonetical rules; may be also explained by shortening of “bûb-hosh” (with meaning “great”) | may be used as augmentative particle |
gap | don | n | NL < Noldorin “dîn” (opening, gap, mountain pass) < Etym. “DEN” | |
gauge | glâd- | v | SV, also noun in LOS | |
giant | bha | adj | NL < MERP “fha”; changed according to Nûrlâm's phonetical rules; may be also explained by shortening of “bûb-hosh” (with meaning “great”) | may be used as augmentative particle |
giant | nûrs | n | LOS < Middle-Quenya “norsa”, Noldorin “noroth” | |
gigantic | bha | adj | NL < MERP “fha”; changed according to Nûrlâm's phonetical rules; may be also explained by shortening of “bûb-hosh” (with meaning “great”) | may be used as augmentative particle |
great | bha | adj | NL < MERP “fha”; changed according to Nûrlâm's phonetical rules; may be also explained by shortening of “bûb-hosh” (with meaning “great”) | may be used as augmentative particle |
great | dau | adj | NL < Sindarin “daer” (great, large); compare with LOS “dur” (big, large) with same etymology | |
grow | ghalb- | v | NL < Noldorin “galw” (growth), Quenya “alwa” (well-grown) < Etym. “GALA” (to grow; thrive); compare with ZA “ghald-” (to grow stately, greatly); compare with Sindarin “gala” (to grow) | to become big |
hasty | hîs | adj | LOS | |
heap | hosh | n | TK, DBS, LOTR, OC, PE 17 | set noun, requires another noun to be in genitive case or to be placed before as modifier: “heap of dung” = “hosh bûbob” = “bûb-hosh” = “dung-heap” |
heap | tub | n | MERP | set noun, requires another noun to be in genitive case or to be placed before as modifier: “pile of shit” = “tub pushob” = “pushtub” = “shit-pile” |
heavy | bûrd | adj | NL, merging LOS, SV, HG “bur” (weight), “burûrz” (heavy) < MB with LP “brauda” < Adûnaic “burôda”, “buruda”; resemblance to English “burden” is accidental | |
height | târurm | n | NL < LOS “târ” (high) < Quenya “tára” | uncountable |
high | târ | adj | LOS < Quenya “tára” | |
high(est) (status) | talûrz | adj | NL, standard adjective from EL “tala” (cf.) | |
highness | târurm | n | NL < LOS “târ” (high) < Quenya “tára” | uncountable |
hindmost | tîl | adj | LOS < Quenya “talla”, “telu” | mostly about numerical order or distance |
hollow | lushd | adj | NL, merging Etym. “LUS” with DS “shad”; compare with Sindarin “lost”, Quenya “lusta”, Ilkorin “lost”, Noldorin “lhost” | |
huge | bha | adj | NL < MERP “fha”; changed according to Nûrlâm's phonetical rules; may be also explained by shortening of “bûb-hosh” (with meaning “great”) | may be used as augmentative particle |
immense | bha | adj | NL < MERP “fha”; changed according to Nûrlâm's phonetical rules; may be also explained by shortening of “bûb-hosh” (with meaning “great”) | may be used as augmentative particle |
in | ishi | postp | TK, CBS, LOTR, RI; Quenya locative case ending “-ssë” | Illative case suffix. Motion inside place or object |
in | or | postp | LOS | Inessive case suffix, static presence; only about space in Standard Nûrlâm; in colloquial speech preposition “shi” is used |
in | r | postp | LOS “ir”, “or” | adessive or inessive case suffix after vowel in colloquial speech; denotes static presence at or inside object |
in | shi | postp | see “ishi” | Illative case suffix after vowel. Motion inside place, object or static presence inside one place |
in | shi | prep | LOS | only about exact time in Standard Nûrlâm, may refer to place in colloquial speech |
in | zor | postp | LOS “or” | Inessive case suffix after vowel, static presence |
inside | shi | postp | see “ishi” | Illative case suffix after vowel. Motion inside place, object or static presence inside one place |
interval | gâb | n | LOS, SV, HG < MB | |
into | ishi | postp | TK, CBS, LOTR, RI; Quenya locative case ending “-ssë” | Illative case suffix. Motion inside place or object |
into | shi | postp | see “ishi” | Illative case suffix after vowel. Motion inside place, object or static presence inside one place |
inwards | ishi | postp | TK, CBS, LOTR, RI; Quenya locative case ending “-ssë” | Illative case suffix. Motion inside place or object |
inwards | shi | postp | see “ishi” | Illative case suffix after vowel. Motion inside place, object or static presence inside one place |
large | dau | adj | NL < Sindarin “daer” (great, large); compare with LOS “dur” (big, large) with same etymology | |
large | pol | adj | NL < Quenya “polda” (big), “poldor” (physical strength, might) < Etym. “POL” | usually about person; see also “Bolg” |
last | tîl | adj | LOS < Quenya “talla”, “telu” | mostly about numerical order or distance |
league | laur | n | NL, merging Sindarin “daur” and Quenya “lár” < Etym. “DAR” (stay, wait, stop, remain) | unit of measure, distance walked in 1 hour |
least | mikaz | adj, adv | SV | |
length | rodhurm | n | NL < HG “rodh” (long) | uncountable |
lengthen | sig- | v | LOS | |
less | mikar | adj, adv | SV | |
lesser | mikar | adj, adv | SV | |
lieu | laur | n | NL, merging Sindarin “daur” and Quenya “lár” < Etym. “DAR” (stay, wait, stop, remain) | unit of measure, distance walked in 1 hour |
light-weight | sta | adj | SV, HG “sta” (small, little, low, short, puny, light-weight); compare with Etym. “STINT” (short) | may be treated as diminutive affix when merged with noun |
little | mik | adj, pro | SV | may be treated as diminutive suffix when merged with noun |
little | sta | adj | SV, HG “sta” (small, little, low, short, puny, light-weight); compare with Etym. “STINT” (short) | may be treated as diminutive affix when merged with noun |
little | stârz | adv | see “sta” + adv. suffix “-arz” | |
long | rodh | adj | HG | |
long | sigûrz | adj | see “sig” | |
longitude | rodhurm | n | NL < HG “rodh” (long) | uncountable |
longness | rodhurm | n | NL < HG “rodh” (long) | uncountable |
low | dhun | adj, adv | NL < HG “dhu” (downward), “nû” (deep); compare with Etym. “NDU” (go down, sink) from which PN “Númenór” came (sink > sunset > West > West-land); compare with Etym. “NŪ”, “UNU” (down, underneath); compare with Quenya PN “Utumno”, Sindarin “Udûn” (lit. “Dark Pit”, a fortress of Morgoth) < Etym. “TUB” (fall low, go down, sink, dive, deep valley) | |
low | sta | adj | SV, HG “sta” (small, little, low, short, puny, light-weight); compare with Etym. “STINT” (short) | may be treated as diminutive affix when merged with noun |
many | mak | pro | SV | if used together with noun, then noun should be in genitive case |
massive | bha | adj | NL < MERP “fha”; changed according to Nûrlâm's phonetical rules; may be also explained by shortening of “bûb-hosh” (with meaning “great”) | may be used as augmentative particle |
mean | nodûrz | adj | NL “nod” (centre) < Quenya “endë”, Sindarin “enedh”, “enaid”, Noldorin “ened” < Etym. “ÉNED”, “NÉD” | |
measure | glâd- | v | SV, also noun in LOS | |
medium | nodûrz | adj | NL “nod” (centre) < Quenya “endë”, Sindarin “enedh”, “enaid”, Noldorin “ened” < Etym. “ÉNED”, “NÉD” | |
middle | nodûrz | adj | NL “nod” (centre) < Quenya “endë”, Sindarin “enedh”, “enaid”, Noldorin “ened” < Etym. “ÉNED”, “NÉD” | |
much | mak | pro | SV | if used together with noun, then noun should be in genitive case |
narrow | yat | adj | NL < Quenya “yatta” (narrow neck) < Etym. “YAK” | |
near | mushûrz | adj | see “mush” | |
near | mûsh | adj | NL, see “mush”, revert to original SV word | |
nearby | mush | adv | LOS (“nearly”) < MB, SV “mûsh” (close, next to, near, at) | used only as standalone adverb, see “mush” (n) for directions |
nearness | mush | n | LOS (“nearly”) < MB, SV “mûsh” (close, next to, near, at) | |
next | ab | adj | DS prefix “ab-” (after, behind, following) | only about time and order, not “next to” (see “mush” instead) |
nigh | mush | n | LOS (“nearly”) < MB, SV “mûsh” (close, next to, near, at) | |
nighness | mush | n | LOS (“nearly”) < MB, SV “mûsh” (close, next to, near, at) | |
nihil | shad | n | DS | also with suffix “-urm” or “-um”; uncountable |
nothingness | shad | n | DS | also with suffix “-urm” or “-um”; uncountable |
on | r | postp | LOS “ir”, “or” | adessive or inessive case suffix after vowel in colloquial speech; denotes static presence at or inside object |
on top of | r | postp | LOS “ir”, “or” | adessive or inessive case suffix after vowel in colloquial speech; denotes static presence at or inside object |
on top of | tala | prep | EL; ? probably from Etym. “TÂ, TAGH-” (high, lofty) or “TALAM” (floor, base) or “DAL” (flat) | use with objects in accusative case |
opening | don | n | NL < Noldorin “dîn” (opening, gap, mountain pass) < Etym. “DEN” | |
over | tala | prep | EL; ? probably from Etym. “TÂ, TAGH-” (high, lofty) or “TALAM” (floor, base) or “DAL” (flat) | use with objects in accusative case |
pace | prak | n | MERP | also unit of measure |
passage | don | n | NL < Noldorin “dîn” (opening, gap, mountain pass) < Etym. “DEN” | |
pile | tub | n | MERP | set noun, requires another noun to be in genitive case or to be placed before as modifier: “pile of shit” = “tub pushob” = “pushtub” = “shit-pile” |
place | in | n | NL < ? Qenya “erin” (v) (remains), however “-in” in Qenya is 3rd person suffix (changed to 1st person in later Quenya) | not “town place”; used as suffix in various relative and indefinite adverbs |
prompt | hîs | adj | LOS | |
proximity | mush | n | LOS (“nearly”) < MB, SV “mûsh” (close, next to, near, at) | |
quick | hîs | adj | LOS | |
range | gâb | n | LOS, SV, HG < MB | |
rapid | hîs | adj | LOS | |
rathe | hîs | adj | LOS | |
reach | bazgurm | n | NL < SV, see “bazg”, “bazg-” | a distance to which a person could touch with their hand; uncountable расстояние, область до которой можно дотянуться рукой |
rectangle | tîrbonz | n | NL, lit. “straight angle”; see “tîr”, “bonz” | |
remote | baubûrz | adj | HG “baub” (cf.) | |
remoteness | baub | n | HG (prep) | see also “gâb” |
room (for) | lurm | n | NL < merging enya “larma” (area, space, room) < Primitive Elvish roots “LAÐA”, “lařa” (broad) < Etym. “LAD” (wide) with Etym. “LAT” (open, free) and with abstract suffix “-urm” | space, room for people, storage; uncountable |
roomy | yan | adj | NL < Quenya “yána”, Sindarin “iaun” (wide, vast, huge) | |
round | raug | n | HG (only “round”) < LOS “rag” < SV (to turn); compare with Etym. “RAG” (crooked) | |
satisfy | thlûk- | v | RN < LOS (adv. “enough”) < SV | |
shallow | dalf | adj | NL < Sindarin PN “Nindalf”, “talf” (wang, flat field), Noldorin “dalw” (flat), “dalath” (flat surface, plain, plane) < Etym. “TALAM” (floor, base) | antonym to “deep” |
shoal | dalf | adj | NL < Sindarin PN “Nindalf”, “talf” (wang, flat field), Noldorin “dalw” (flat), “dalath” (flat surface, plain, plane) < Etym. “TALAM” (floor, base) | antonym to “deep” |
short | sta | adj | SV, HG “sta” (small, little, low, short, puny, light-weight); compare with Etym. “STINT” (short) | may be treated as diminutive affix when merged with noun |
size | dulz | n | HG | |
slow | fûrz | adj | NL < LOS “fûsh”; changed to avoid ambiguity with other dialects; compare with Quenya “fifíru” (to slowly fade away) | |
small | mik | adj, pro | SV | may be treated as diminutive suffix when merged with noun |
small | sta | adj | SV, HG “sta” (small, little, low, short, puny, light-weight); compare with Etym. “STINT” (short) | may be treated as diminutive affix when merged with noun |
space | don | n | NL < Noldorin “dîn” (opening, gap, mountain pass) < Etym. “DEN” | |
space | lurm | n | NL < merging enya “larma” (area, space, room) < Primitive Elvish roots “LAÐA”, “lařa” (broad) < Etym. “LAD” (wide) with Etym. “LAT” (open, free) and with abstract suffix “-urm” | space, room for people, storage; uncountable |
speedy | hîs | adj | LOS | |
square (shape) | tîrbonz | n | NL, lit. “straight angle”; see “tîr”, “bonz” | |
step | prak | n | MERP | also unit of measure |
stretch | sig- | v | LOS | |
strong | pol | adj | NL < Quenya “polda” (big), “poldor” (physical strength, might) < Etym. “POL” | usually about person; see also “Bolg” |
suffice | thlûk- | v | RN < LOS (adv. “enough”) < SV | |
swift | hîs | adj | LOS | |
tall | târ | adj | LOS < Quenya “tára” | |
thick | hath | adj | HG “thick, heavy” | |
thin | boh | adj | HG “slim, thin, slight, slender”, compare with LOS “bukol”, both marked as borrowed from SV, but not found there with such meaning | |
thrive | ghalb- | v | NL < Noldorin “galw” (growth), Quenya “alwa” (well-grown) < Etym. “GALA” (to grow; thrive); compare with ZA “ghald-” (to grow stately, greatly); compare with Sindarin “gala” (to grow) | to become big |
tiny | mik | adj, pro | SV | may be treated as diminutive suffix when merged with noun |
tiny | sta | adj | SV, HG “sta” (small, little, low, short, puny, light-weight); compare with Etym. “STINT” (short) | may be treated as diminutive affix when merged with noun |
top | talûrz | adj | NL, standard adjective from EL “tala” (cf.) | |
topward | talûrz | adj | NL, standard adjective from EL “tala” (cf.) | |
tremendous | bha | adj | NL < MERP “fha”; changed according to Nûrlâm's phonetical rules; may be also explained by shortening of “bûb-hosh” (with meaning “great”) | may be used as augmentative particle |
up the (…) | tala | prep | EL; ? probably from Etym. “TÂ, TAGH-” (high, lofty) or “TALAM” (floor, base) or “DAL” (flat) | use with objects in accusative case |
upper | talûrz | adj | NL, standard adjective from EL “tala” (cf.) | |
vast | bha | adj | NL < MERP “fha”; changed according to Nûrlâm's phonetical rules; may be also explained by shortening of “bûb-hosh” (with meaning “great”) | may be used as augmentative particle |
vast | yan | adj | NL < Quenya “yána”, Sindarin “iaun” (wide, vast, huge) | |
vicinity | mush | n | LOS (“nearly”) < MB, SV “mûsh” (close, next to, near, at) | |
void | lushd | adj | NL, merging Etym. “LUS” with DS “shad”; compare with Sindarin “lost”, Quenya “lusta”, Ilkorin “lost”, Noldorin “lhost” | |
void | shad | n | DS | also with suffix “-urm” or “-um”; uncountable |
wide | plan | adj | NL < Quenya “palan” < Etym. “PAL” as in “Palantir” | |
wide | yan | adj | NL < Quenya “yána”, Sindarin “iaun” (wide, vast, huge) | |
within | ishi | postp | TK, CBS, LOTR, RI; Quenya locative case ending “-ssë” | Illative case suffix. Motion inside place or object |
within | shi | postp | see “ishi” | Illative case suffix after vowel. Motion inside place, object or static presence inside one place |