This page will contain list of word for animals and their parts
English | Nûrlâm | Part of speech | Etymology | Comments |
---|---|---|---|---|
(strong) bite | gark | n | NL < Qenya “nark” (snap of a dog) < Primitive Elvish “ŊARA” (properly bite at) | sound-imitating word |
adder | fâm | n | NL, melting Gnomish “fem” (venom of snakes) with MERP “farmak” (venom, poison); distantly related to “holm” through etymology | any venomous snake |
albatross | kain | n | NL < Primitive Elvish “kwǣnē” (onomatopoetic), Ilkorin “cwên”, Noldorin “cuen” | |
animal | alai | n | LOS < SV “alaj” | more like any living but non-intelligent creature (but not trees) |
animal | bork | n | SV | usually refers to mammals and reptiles |
ape | ingmit | n | NL, lit. “copycat”; see “ing-”, “mit” | |
bark | ghab- | v | NL < Gnomish “gab-” | angry barking of dogs |
barn | tomp | n | NL < Qenya “tumpo” (shed, barn), Gnomish “tump” < early Primitive Elvish roots “TUPU” (to cover) or “TṂPṂ” (to build); compare with NL “tup-” (to cover), “tumb-” (to build) | |
bat | tith | n | LOS | |
bay | ghab- | v | NL < Gnomish “gab-” | angry barking of dogs |
beak | pund | n | NL, merging Hurrian “punhi” with Qenya “penta” with Noldorin “bunn” < Etym. “(M)BUD” | |
bear | morg | n | DS < Middle-Quenya “morko” < Etym. “MORÓK” | |
beast | alai | n | LOS < SV “alaj” | more like any living but non-intelligent creature (but not trees) |
beast | bork | n | SV | usually refers to mammals and reptiles |
beast | horn | n | LOS, HG (only “beast”) < TK, DBS, LOTR, PN “Lughorn”; ? Doriathrin “garm”, Quenya “harma” (wolf) < Etym. “GHARAM”, “ÑGAR(A)M”; ? Quenya “hravan” (wild beast) | translation is speculative |
beast | uglauk | n | NL < “ugl-” (to frighten) < Etym. “ÚLUG”, “ÚLGU” and SV suffix “-auk” | |
bee | noi | n | NL < Qenya “nier”, Gnomish “nio” < Primitive Elvish root “NEHE” | |
beetle | nukh | n | NL < SV “nuchur” (creep, insect, bug, midge) | |
bill (of bird) | pund | n | NL, merging Hurrian “punhi” with Qenya “penta” with Noldorin “bunn” < Etym. “(M)BUD” | |
bird | aig | n | NL < Gnomish “aigli”, Sindarin “aew” < Etym. “AIWÊ” (small bird) | |
bite | nâkh- | v | TK, DBS, LOTR, PN “Grishnákh”; ? Etym. “NAK” (to bite), Sindarin “nag”; ? Etym. “MAGH” (hand) | translation is speculative |
bleat | blîn- | v | NL, merging common Indo-European word of sound-imitating origin with Qenya “nýe” < Primitive Elvish “NYENE”, which was early etymology of Vala name “Nienna”, later explained with Quenya “nie” (tear) < Etym. “NEI” | cry of goat or sheep |
bug | brûbh | n | NL < SV, MB “brûv”; compare with LOS “brûf”; changed according Nûrlâm's phonetical rules to avoid cognates | |
bug | nukh | n | NL < SV “nuchur” (creep, insect, bug, midge) | |
bull | gag | n | NL < Gnomish “gach” (milch cow), “gagron” (ox, bullock) < Qenya “yakse”, “yaksi” (cow), “yak(k)o” (ox) < Primitive Elvish root “ÝAKA”; compare with real-world “yak” | |
bullock | gag | n | NL < Gnomish “gach” (milch cow), “gagron” (ox, bullock) < Qenya “yakse”, “yaksi” (cow), “yak(k)o” (ox) < Primitive Elvish root “ÝAKA”; compare with real-world “yak” | |
bunny | tap | n | NL, fictional proto-word “tapug” < Westron (Shire) “tapuc” (PM) | any rodent with big ears |
butcher | fakht- | v | NL < LOS “fakhtal” (butcher) < SV “fachtal” < MERP “fachthal”, “fakhtchal” | refers to animals or mass murders |
butterfly | gilb | n | NL < Gnomish “gwilbrin”, Quenya “wilwarin” < Etym, “WIL” (to fly, float) | |
carrion | mârsh | n | NL < SV “marsh” < MERP; changed to avoid confusion with question particle “mar” | dead flesh, rotten meat; uncountable |
carrion (bird) | hult | n | NL, merging SV, MERP “hut” < Albanian with Qenya “qelet” (corpse) | |
cat | mît | n | NL < LOS “mi”; changed to avoid cognates | |
catch | ats- | v | LOS < Quenya “atsa” (n) (hook, claw, catch) < Etym. “GAT” | |
cattle | gaurg | n | NL, merging “gag” (cow) with all Neo-BS dialects “graug” (herd) < MERP < Albanian “grigjë” and with TK BS “gorg-” (to butcher) | uncountable |
chase | farb- | v | NL < SV “vorb-” (to hunt, pursuit), “várbatár” (hunter) + Sindarin “farad” (hunter), “faras” (hunt), “fara” (to hunt) | |
chicken | porg | n | NL < Gnomish “porog” < Primitive Elvish “porokē” | |
claw | glamb | n | NL < Gnomish “clamp” (grasp, claw), Noldorin “gamp” (hook, claw) < Etym. “GAP” (hook); compare with “khlaf-” | |
cleg | bozb | n | NL < Primitive Elvish “buzbō” (large fly); compare with DS “buzb” (fly, maggot, worm) | |
clegg | bozb | n | NL < Primitive Elvish “buzbō” (large fly); compare with DS “buzb” (fly, maggot, worm) | |
cling together | gragh- | v | NL, see “gragh” (n) | intransitive |
cock | porg | n | NL < Gnomish “porog” < Primitive Elvish “porokē” | |
condor | hult | n | NL, merging SV, MERP “hut” < Albanian with Qenya “qelet” (corpse) | |
coney | tap | n | NL, fictional proto-word “tapug” < Westron (Shire) “tapuc” (PM) | any rodent with big ears |
cow | gag | n | NL < Gnomish “gach” (milch cow), “gagron” (ox, bullock) < Qenya “yakse”, “yaksi” (cow), “yak(k)o” (ox) < Primitive Elvish root “ÝAKA”; compare with real-world “yak” | |
deer | kolp | n | NL, merging Qenya “opole” (fawn) with Primitive Elvish “kel(e)bē” (deer, hind) | |
dog | hunk | n | NL < Etym. “KHUG”, “KHUGAN”, probably Indo-European origin (Germanic “hund”, Latin “canis”); compare with Noldorin “hû”, PN Silm. “Huan”; compare with HG “huk”, SV “hundur”, MERP “kon” | |
dove | kurl | n | NL, sound-imitating word; compare with Etym. “KÛ” > Noldorin “cugu”, Qenya “kukua” | |
dragon | lûg | n | TK, AO, BOLT, PN “Lug”; Explicitly translated as “snake” in PE 13 and PE 15 (Gnomish Lexicon, Qenya Lexicon). Sindarin “lhûg” < Etym. “LOK” (serpent, dragon, snake) | only about big, monstrous snakes and dragons |
dragonfly | lûgskoi | n | NL, see “lûg”, “skoi”; literal translation of “dragon-fly” | |
drake | kah | n | NL, sound-imitating word; compare with Qenya “qá” (duck), “qaqa-” (to quack) < Primitive Elvish root “QAHA” | |
duck | kah | n | NL, sound-imitating word; compare with Qenya “qá” (duck), “qaqa-” (to quack) < Primitive Elvish root “QAHA” | |
dung | bûb | n | TK, DBS, LOTR, OC, PE 17; | uncountable |
eagle | shor | n | NL < Primitive Elvish root “ŠORO” (2), “ÞORO”; compare with Quenya “sorno”, “soron”, Sindarin ”thor(o)n” < Etym. “THOR(ON)” (swoop down) | |
eel | lûskab | n | NL, lit. “snake-fish”, see “lûg”, “skab” | |
egg | fird | n | NL, merging LOS “fîl” (bird), Hurrian “erade” (bird), Gnomish “uitha” (to lay eggs) with NL “fir” (to mate) | |
falcon | skar | n | NL, merging Quenya “haro” and SV, HG “sâkaftor” < MERP (falcon) < Albanian “skifter” | |
fang | hark | n | NL < Quenya “carca” < Etym. “KARAK” (sharp fand, tooth, spike); compare with Sindarin PN “Carcharoth” (Red Maw, Great Red Fang) | may apply to ivory |
fawn | kolp | n | NL, merging Qenya “opole” (fawn) with Primitive Elvish “kel(e)bē” (deer, hind) | |
feather | pozg | n | NL < Noldorin “pesseg” (pillow), Quenya “quessë” (feather) < Etym. “KWES” (feather) | also part of arrow, costume, etc. |
fish | skab | n | NL < Etym. “SKAL”[2] | |
flay | daft- | v | NL, melting Gnomish “daf”, “dôf”, “dauth” | |
flea | abh | n | NL < Hurrian “aphe” | may refer any skin or hair parasite (also “flea”, “crum”, “mite”, “tick”, “acarid” etc.) любой паразит на коже, волосах, шерсти (блоха, вошь; гнида; клещ; клоп, и т. п.) |
flesh | hrau | n | NL < Quenya “hroa” (body, flesh, physical form), Sindarin “rhaw” (flesh) | equivalent of Quenya “hröa” is MERP “turm”, however “hrau” may also mean “physical form”; uncountable |
flesh | âps | n | LOS < Quenya “apsa” (cooked food, meat), Etym. “AP” | more like meal (for cooking) uncountable |
float | lunt- | v | LOS “lunt” (boat) (n) < Quenya “luntë” < Etym. “LUT” (float, swim) | |
flock | gragh | n | NL, merging “gag” (cow) with all Neo-BS dialects “graug” (herd) < MERP < Albanian “grigjë” and HG “hog-” (to gather) | |
flock | gragh- | v | NL, see “gragh” (n) | intransitive |
fly | skoi | n | LOS | |
fly | skoir- | v | LOS “skoi-”, also noun; LOS “skoir” (wing, see above) | adding suffix of perfective aspect (“-ûk”) transforms meaning into “fly away” |
footprint | rîn | n | NL < Noldorin “rhein”, Quenya “runya” | |
forgather | gragh- | v | NL, see “gragh” (n) | intransitive |
fowl | porg | n | NL < Gnomish “porog” < Primitive Elvish “porokē” | |
frog | kauk | n | NL, onomatopoetic; compare with Quenya “quácë” < Primitive Elvish “kāwāk”; compare with Etym. “KAP” (to leap) | |
fur | skîlf | n | NL < Noldorin “helf” < Etym. “SKEL” | uncountable |
gadfly | bozb | n | NL < Primitive Elvish “buzbō” (large fly); compare with DS “buzb” (fly, maggot, worm) | |
game (hunting) | fraun | n | NL < Quenya “farna” < Etym. “SPAR”, “PHAR” (AC); from fictional proto-word “praunk”; compare with “farb-” (to hunt), “prauk-” (to pillage), “raun” (trophy) | object of hunt |
geese | yanb | n | NL < Qenya “yanwa”, Noldorin “gwaun” < Etym. “WA-N” | |
gentle | zomb | n | NL, see “zom” (worm), “bozb” (large fly) | |
goat | naik | n | NL < Primitive Elvish “naikē” (she-goat) | |
goose | yanb | n | NL < Qenya “yanwa”, Noldorin “gwaun” < Etym. “WA-N” | |
griffin | hult | n | NL, merging SV, MERP “hut” < Albanian with Qenya “qelet” (corpse) | |
grifon | hult | n | NL, merging SV, MERP “hut” < Albanian with Qenya “qelet” (corpse) | |
gull | kain | n | NL < Primitive Elvish “kwǣnē” (onomatopoetic), Ilkorin “cwên”, Noldorin “cuen” | |
hang together | gragh- | v | NL, see “gragh” (n) | intransitive |
hare | tap | n | NL, fictional proto-word “tapug” < Westron (Shire) “tapuc” (PM) | any rodent with big ears |
hawk | skar | n | NL, merging Quenya “haro” and SV, HG “sâkaftor” < MERP (falcon) < Albanian “skifter” | |
hen | porg | n | NL < Gnomish “porog” < Primitive Elvish “porokē” | |
herd | gragh | n | NL, merging “gag” (cow) with all Neo-BS dialects “graug” (herd) < MERP < Albanian “grigjë” and HG “hog-” (to gather) | |
hind | kolp | n | NL, merging Qenya “opole” (fawn) with Primitive Elvish “kel(e)bē” (deer, hind) | |
hold together | gragh- | v | NL, see “gragh” (n) | intransitive |
horn | ras | n | LOS < Quenya “rasco”, “rassë” < Etym. “RAS” | part of animal |
horse | lûkh | n | NL, merging LP “laukha”, DS “log” both from Rohirric “loho” with LOS “rûk” < Etym. “ROK” | additional suffixes may be added to specify gender (-niz), age (-kû) or purpose (war = “goth”) |
horsefly | bozb | n | NL < Primitive Elvish “buzbō” (large fly); compare with DS “buzb” (fly, maggot, worm) | |
hound | hunk | n | NL < Etym. “KHUG”, “KHUGAN”, probably Indo-European origin (Germanic “hund”, Latin “canis”); compare with Noldorin “hû”, PN Silm. “Huan”; compare with HG “huk”, SV “hundur”, MERP “kon” | |
hunt | farb- | v | NL < SV “vorb-” (to hunt, pursuit), “várbatár” (hunter) + Sindarin “farad” (hunter), “faras” (hunt), “fara” (to hunt) | |
insect | brûbh | n | NL < SV, MB “brûv”; compare with LOS “brûf”; changed according Nûrlâm's phonetical rules to avoid cognates | |
keep together | gragh- | v | NL, see “gragh” (n) | intransitive |
kine | gaurg | n | NL, merging “gag” (cow) with all Neo-BS dialects “graug” (herd) < MERP < Albanian “grigjë” and with TK BS “gorg-” (to butcher) | uncountable |
kitten | mîst | n | NL < “mît” + “sta” (lit. “tiny cat”) | |
kitty | mîst | n | NL < “mît” + “sta” (lit. “tiny cat”) | |
lair | kîf | n | NL < melting Noldorin “caew” < Etym. “KAY” (to lie down) with DS “kîbum” (life) | may also mean “home”, “bed” in slang |
lamb | brish | n | LOS < SV “bresh” | |
larva | zomb | n | NL, see “zom” (worm), “bozb” (large fly) | |
larvae | zomb | n | NL, see “zom” (worm), “bozb” (large fly) | |
lion | ror | n | NL < Quenya “rauro”, Noldorin “rhaw” < Etym. “RAW” (roar) | onomatopoeic |
livestock | gaurg | n | NL, merging “gag” (cow) with all Neo-BS dialects “graug” (herd) < MERP < Albanian “grigjë” and with TK BS “gorg-” (to butcher) | uncountable |
louse | abh | n | NL < Hurrian “aphe” | may refer any skin or hair parasite (also “flea”, “crum”, “mite”, “tick”, “acarid” etc.) любой паразит на коже, волосах, шерсти (блоха, вошь; гнида; клещ; клоп, и т. п.) |
maggot | zomb | n | NL, see “zom” (worm), “bozb” (large fly) | |
massacre | fakht- | v | NL < LOS “fakhtal” (butcher) < SV “fachtal” < MERP “fachthal”, “fakhtchal” | refers to animals or mass murders |
meat | hrau | n | NL < Quenya “hroa” (body, flesh, physical form), Sindarin “rhaw” (flesh) | equivalent of Quenya “hröa” is MERP “turm”, however “hrau” may also mean “physical form”; uncountable |
meat | âps | n | LOS < Quenya “apsa” (cooked food, meat), Etym. “AP” | more like meal (for cooking) uncountable |
mice | nikh | n | NL < Gnomish “nig(la)” < Primitive Elvish root “NAQA” (to steal) | |
mole | drong | n | NL, merging “rong-” (to dig) < TK “ronk” (pit, pool) with Gnomish “doldrin” < Primitive Elvish root “NDOLO” | |
monkey | ingmit | n | NL, lit. “copycat”; see “ing-”, “mit” | |
monster | uglauk | n | NL < “ugl-” (to frighten) < Etym. “ÚLUG”, “ÚLGU” and SV suffix “-auk” | |
moth | bhar | n | NL < LOS “far” < SV “var”; changed to avoid ambiguity with SV “far” (seed) | |
mount (animal) | bambork | n | NL, lit. “riding animal”; see “bam-”, “bork” | |
mouse | nikh | n | NL < Gnomish “nig(la)” < Primitive Elvish root “NAQA” (to steal) | |
muck | bûb | n | TK, DBS, LOTR, OC, PE 17; | uncountable |
nag | lûkh | n | NL, merging LP “laukha”, DS “log” both from Rohirric “loho” with LOS “rûk” < Etym. “ROK” | additional suffixes may be added to specify gender (-niz), age (-kû) or purpose (war = “goth”) |
nail (of finger) | glamb | n | NL < Gnomish “clamp” (grasp, claw), Noldorin “gamp” (hook, claw) < Etym. “GAP” (hook); compare with “khlaf-” | |
nest | kîf | n | NL < melting Noldorin “caew” < Etym. “KAY” (to lie down) with DS “kîbum” (life) | may also mean “home”, “bed” in slang |
net | nazb | n | NL < LP “nadz” < Quenya “natse”, Sindarin “nath” < Etym. “NAT”, “NUT” (tie, weave); compare with “nazg” | |
nightingale | muthlashal | n | NL, see “muth”, “lash-” | lit. “dusk-singer” |
nose | pund | n | NL, merging Hurrian “punhi” with Qenya “penta” with Noldorin “bunn” < Etym. “(M)BUD” | |
offal | mârsh | n | NL < SV “marsh” < MERP; changed to avoid confusion with question particle “mar” | dead flesh, rotten meat; uncountable |
owl | ûh | n | NL, onomatopoetic; compare with Qenya “hó” | |
ox | gag | n | NL < Gnomish “gach” (milch cow), “gagron” (ox, bullock) < Qenya “yakse”, “yaksi” (cow), “yak(k)o” (ox) < Primitive Elvish root “ÝAKA”; compare with real-world “yak” | |
oxfly | bozb | n | NL < Primitive Elvish “buzbō” (large fly); compare with DS “buzb” (fly, maggot, worm) | |
pack | gragh | n | NL, merging “gag” (cow) with all Neo-BS dialects “graug” (herd) < MERP < Albanian “grigjë” and HG “hog-” (to gather) | |
palfrey | lûkh | n | NL, merging LP “laukha”, DS “log” both from Rohirric “loho” with LOS “rûk” < Etym. “ROK” | additional suffixes may be added to specify gender (-niz), age (-kû) or purpose (war = “goth”) |
parasite | abh | n | NL < Hurrian “aphe” | may refer any skin or hair parasite (also “flea”, “crum”, “mite”, “tick”, “acarid” etc.) любой паразит на коже, волосах, шерсти (блоха, вошь; гнида; клещ; клоп, и т. п.) |
peel | daft | n | NL, melting Gnomish “daf”, “dôf”, “dauth” | |
peel | daft- | v | NL, melting Gnomish “daf”, “dôf”, “dauth” | |
pen (for animals) | tomp | n | NL < Qenya “tumpo” (shed, barn), Gnomish “tump” < early Primitive Elvish roots “TUPU” (to cover) or “TṂPṂ” (to build); compare with NL “tup-” (to cover), “tumb-” (to build) | |
petrel | kain | n | NL < Primitive Elvish “kwǣnē” (onomatopoetic), Ilkorin “cwên”, Noldorin “cuen” | |
pig | bûb | n | TK, DBS, LOTR, OC, VT 26; | |
pig | gris | n | MERP, probably from Gnomish “graus” | |
pigeon | kurl | n | NL, sound-imitating word; compare with Etym. “KÛ” > Noldorin “cugu”, Qenya “kukua” | |
pincers | dan | n | MERP | |
plume | pozg | n | NL < Noldorin “pesseg” (pillow), Quenya “quessë” (feather) < Etym. “KWES” (feather) | also part of arrow, costume, etc. |
pork | gris | n | MERP, probably from Gnomish “graus” | |
poultry | porg | n | NL < Gnomish “porog” < Primitive Elvish “porokē” | |
prey | fraun | n | NL < Quenya “farna” < Etym. “SPAR”, “PHAR” (AC); from fictional proto-word “praunk”; compare with “farb-” (to hunt), “prauk-” (to pillage), “raun” (trophy) | object of hunt |
pursue | farb- | v | NL < SV “vorb-” (to hunt, pursuit), “várbatár” (hunter) + Sindarin “farad” (hunter), “faras” (hunt), “fara” (to hunt) | |
quarry | fraun | n | NL < Quenya “farna” < Etym. “SPAR”, “PHAR” (AC); from fictional proto-word “praunk”; compare with “farb-” (to hunt), “prauk-” (to pillage), “raun” (trophy) | object of hunt |
quell | pûgsh- | v | NL, merging Primitive Elvish stem “PAÝA” (requite, punish, take vengeance, conquer, subdue) with SV, MERP “pushtog-” | |
rabbit | tap | n | NL, fictional proto-word “tapug” < Westron (Shire) “tapuc” (PM) | any rodent with big ears |
ram | brish | n | LOS < SV “bresh” | |
rat | nikh | n | NL < Gnomish “nig(la)” < Primitive Elvish root “NAQA” (to steal) | |
rat | pashk | n | DS (SOW) | any small animal or insect that cause harm to people or crops |
rhino | glupras | n | NL, lit. “nose-horn” | Hairy rhinoceros is mentioned in “The Father Christmas Letters” |
rhinoceros | glupras | n | NL, lit. “nose-horn” | Hairy rhinoceros is mentioned in “The Father Christmas Letters” |
rind | daft | n | NL, melting Gnomish “daf”, “dôf”, “dauth” | |
rodent | naidal | n | NL, “naid-” + agentive suffix “al”; calque from Russian (lit. “gnawer”) | |
rodent | nikh | n | NL < Gnomish “nig(la)” < Primitive Elvish root “NAQA” (to steal) | |
roe | kolp | n | NL, merging Qenya “opole” (fawn) with Primitive Elvish “kel(e)bē” (deer, hind) | |
rooster | porg | n | NL < Gnomish “porog” < Primitive Elvish “porokē” | |
row | lunt- | v | LOS “lunt” (boat) (n) < Quenya “luntë” < Etym. “LUT” (float, swim) | |
sail | lunt- | v | LOS “lunt” (boat) (n) < Quenya “luntë” < Etym. “LUT” (float, swim) | |
scavenger | hult | n | NL, merging SV, MERP “hut” < Albanian with Qenya “qelet” (corpse) | |
school | gragh | n | NL, merging “gag” (cow) with all Neo-BS dialects “graug” (herd) < MERP < Albanian “grigjë” and HG “hog-” (to gather) | |
seamew | kain | n | NL < Primitive Elvish “kwǣnē” (onomatopoetic), Ilkorin “cwên”, Noldorin “cuen” | |
serpent | lung | n | NL, merging Gnomish “ling” (small snake) < Primitive Elvish root “LIŊI” with TK AO “lûg” (dragon) < Sindarin “lhûg”, “lŷg” < Etym. “LOK” | small, regular snake |
serpent | lûg | n | TK, AO, BOLT, PN “Lug”; Explicitly translated as “snake” in PE 13 and PE 15 (Gnomish Lexicon, Qenya Lexicon). Sindarin “lhûg” < Etym. “LOK” (serpent, dragon, snake) | only about big, monstrous snakes and dragons |
shape-shifter | naur | n | LOS < Quenya “nauro” < Etym. “ÑGAW” (howl) | |
shed | tomp | n | NL < Qenya “tumpo” (shed, barn), Gnomish “tump” < early Primitive Elvish roots “TUPU” (to cover) or “TṂPṂ” (to build); compare with NL “tup-” (to cover), “tumb-” (to build) | |
sheep | brish | n | LOS < SV “bresh” | |
skin | daft | n | NL, melting Gnomish “daf”, “dôf”, “dauth” | |
skin | daft- | v | NL, melting Gnomish “daf”, “dôf”, “dauth” | |
slaughter | fakht- | v | NL < LOS “fakhtal” (butcher) < SV “fachtal” < MERP “fachthal”, “fakhtchal” | refers to animals or mass murders |
slug | lûgd | n | NL, merging Qenya “lúke” (slime), “lutl” (gum, paste) < early Primitive Elvish root “LUKU” (slime, mud) with TK “lûg” (serpent) | |
snake | lung | n | NL, merging Gnomish “ling” (small snake) < Primitive Elvish root “LIŊI” with TK AO “lûg” (dragon) < Sindarin “lhûg”, “lŷg” < Etym. “LOK” | small, regular snake |
snake | lûg | n | TK, AO, BOLT, PN “Lug”; Explicitly translated as “snake” in PE 13 and PE 15 (Gnomish Lexicon, Qenya Lexicon). Sindarin “lhûg” < Etym. “LOK” (serpent, dragon, snake) | only about big, monstrous snakes and dragons |
snap | gark | n | NL < Qenya “nark” (snap of a dog) < Primitive Elvish “ŊARA” (properly bite at) | sound-imitating word |
snarl | ghab- | v | NL < Gnomish “gab-” | angry barking of dogs |
snout | pund | n | NL, merging Hurrian “punhi” with Qenya “penta” with Noldorin “bunn” < Etym. “(M)BUD” | |
sow | gris | n | MERP, probably from Gnomish “graus” | |
sparrow | filt | n | NL < Quenya “filit” (small bird, sparrow), Gnomish “bilin©”; compare with LOS “fîl” (bird) | any small bird |
spider | ung | n | NL < Sindarin “ungol”, Quenya “ungwë”, Gnomish “ungwi” and “gung” | |
spoor | rîn | n | NL < Noldorin “rhein”, Quenya “runya” | |
stable | tomp | n | NL < Qenya “tumpo” (shed, barn), Gnomish “tump” < early Primitive Elvish roots “TUPU” (to cover) or “TṂPṂ” (to build); compare with NL “tup-” (to cover), “tumb-” (to build) | |
stall | tomp | n | NL < Qenya “tumpo” (shed, barn), Gnomish “tump” < early Primitive Elvish roots “TUPU” (to cover) or “TṂPṂ” (to build); compare with NL “tup-” (to cover), “tumb-” (to build) | |
stallion | lûkh | n | NL, merging LP “laukha”, DS “log” both from Rohirric “loho” with LOS “rûk” < Etym. “ROK” | additional suffixes may be added to specify gender (-niz), age (-kû) or purpose (war = “goth”) |
stand together | gragh- | v | NL, see “gragh” (n) | intransitive |
steed | lûkh | n | NL, merging LP “laukha”, DS “log” both from Rohirric “loho” with LOS “rûk” < Etym. “ROK” | additional suffixes may be added to specify gender (-niz), age (-kû) or purpose (war = “goth”) |
stick together | gragh- | v | NL, see “gragh” (n) | intransitive |
stock | gragh | n | NL, merging “gag” (cow) with all Neo-BS dialects “graug” (herd) < MERP < Albanian “grigjë” and HG “hog-” (to gather) | |
sty | tomp | n | NL < Qenya “tumpo” (shed, barn), Gnomish “tump” < early Primitive Elvish roots “TUPU” (to cover) or “TṂPṂ” (to build); compare with NL “tup-” (to cover), “tumb-” (to build) | |
subdue | pûgsh- | v | NL, merging Primitive Elvish stem “PAÝA” (requite, punish, take vengeance, conquer, subdue) with SV, MERP “pushtog-” | |
subjugate | pûgsh- | v | NL, merging Primitive Elvish stem “PAÝA” (requite, punish, take vengeance, conquer, subdue) with SV, MERP “pushtog-” | |
swan | alau | n | NL < Quenya “alqua” < Primitive Elvish “alkwā” < Etym. “ÁLAK” (rushing) | |
swim | lunt- | v | LOS “lunt” (boat) (n) < Quenya “luntë” < Etym. “LUT” (float, swim) | |
swine | gris | n | MERP, probably from Gnomish “graus” | |
tail | baut | n | NL, merging Qenya “pint” with LOS “baush” < MERP “baushat” < Albanian “pisht” | part of animal |
talon | glamb | n | NL < Gnomish “clamp” (grasp, claw), Noldorin “gamp” (hook, claw) < Etym. “GAP” (hook); compare with “khlaf-” | |
tame | pûgsh- | v | NL, merging Primitive Elvish stem “PAÝA” (requite, punish, take vengeance, conquer, subdue) with SV, MERP “pushtog-” | |
tongs | dan | n | MERP | |
trace | rîn | n | NL < Noldorin “rhein”, Quenya “runya” | |
track | rîn | n | NL < Noldorin “rhein”, Quenya “runya” | |
tusk | hark | n | NL < Quenya “carca” < Etym. “KARAK” (sharp fand, tooth, spike); compare with Sindarin PN “Carcharoth” (Red Maw, Great Red Fang) | may apply to ivory |
untamed | ragh | adj | NL < Noldorin “rhaw”, “rhof”, “rhov” (PN “Rhovanion”) < Etym. “RAB” | |
vermin | pashk | n | DS (SOW) | any small animal or insect that cause harm to people or crops |
vestige | rîn | n | NL < Noldorin “rhein”, Quenya “runya” | |
viper | fâm | n | NL, melting Gnomish “fem” (venom of snakes) with MERP “farmak” (venom, poison); distantly related to “holm” through etymology | any venomous snake |
vulture | hult | n | NL, merging SV, MERP “hut” < Albanian with Qenya “qelet” (corpse) | |
web | nazb | n | NL < LP “nadz” < Quenya “natse”, Sindarin “nath” < Etym. “NAT”, “NUT” (tie, weave); compare with “nazg” | |
werewolf | naur | n | LOS < Quenya “nauro” < Etym. “ÑGAW” (howl) | |
wild | ragh | adj | NL < Noldorin “rhaw”, “rhof”, “rhov” (PN “Rhovanion”) < Etym. “RAB” | |
wing | skoir | n | LOS | only part of animal, not of building |
wolf | harg | n | NL < Gnomish “harog”, “harw”, “harach”; compare with NL “hark” (fang, tusk) and SV “harb” (hunger); compare with Sindarin PN “Carcharoth” (Red Maw, Great Red Fang) | only about wild wolves |
wolf | horn | n | LOS, HG (only “beast”) < TK, DBS, LOTR, PN “Lughorn”; ? Doriathrin “garm”, Quenya “harma” (wolf) < Etym. “GHARAM”, “ÑGAR(A)M”; ? Quenya “hravan” (wild beast) | translation is speculative |
worm | zom | n | NL < MERP “dhomaj” | |
yak | gag | n | NL < Gnomish “gach” (milch cow), “gagron” (ox, bullock) < Qenya “yakse”, “yaksi” (cow), “yak(k)o” (ox) < Primitive Elvish root “ÝAKA”; compare with real-world “yak” | |
zebra | shaklûkh | n | NL, lit. “striped horse”; compare with Gnomish “raibrog” with same translation |
These species are unique to Middle-Earth:
English | Nûrlâm | Part of speech | Etymology | Comments |
---|---|---|---|---|
craban | krag | n | LP “kragun” (crow, craban, crebain); compare with Quenya “corco”, Gnomish “crunc”; resemblance with Turkish “karga” is through onomatopoeia | sound-imitating word |
crebain | krag | n | LP “kragun” (crow, craban, crebain); compare with Quenya “corco”, Gnomish “crunc”; resemblance with Turkish “karga” is through onomatopoeia | sound-imitating word |
crow | krag | n | LP “kragun” (crow, craban, crebain); compare with Quenya “corco”, Gnomish “crunc”; resemblance with Turkish “karga” is through onomatopoeia | sound-imitating word |
elephant | mûnk | n | LP < Easterling “mûmak” | |
fell-beast | bolbork | n | NL, see “bol”, “bork”; literal translation | beast of winged Nazgûl |
mûmak | mûnk | n | LP < Easterling “mûmak” | |
oliphaunt | mûnk | n | LP < Easterling “mûmak” | |
raven | krag | n | LP “kragun” (crow, craban, crebain); compare with Quenya “corco”, Gnomish “crunc”; resemblance with Turkish “karga” is through onomatopoeia | sound-imitating word |
warg | hîrg | n | NL, merging “hîg-” (to banish, exile, outlaw) with “harg” (wolf) in analogy with transformation of Old Norse “vargr” (wolf) into Old English “wearg”, “wearh” (outlaw, criminal) | a race of especially evil wolfs used as mount animal by orcs |